The History Of The World.The History Of The World.The History Of The W

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About the Influential Henry Hobson Richardson

About the Influential Henry Hobson Richardson Famous for designing massive stone buildings with semicircular Roman arches, Henry Hobson Richardson developed a late Victorian style that became known as Richardsonian Romanesque. Some people have argued that his architectural design is the first truly American style- that up to this point in American history, building designs were copied from what was being built in Europe. H.H. Richardsons 1877 Trinity Church in Boston, Massachusetts has been called one of the 10 Buildings That Changed America. Although Richardson himself designed few houses and public buildings, his style was copied throughout America. No doubt youve seen these buildings- the big, brownish red, rusticated stone libraries, schools, churches, row houses, and single-family homes of the wealthy. Background: Born: September 29, 1838 in Louisiana Died: April 26, 1886 in Brookline, Massachusetts Education: Public and private schools in New Orleans1859: Harvard College1860: Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris Famous Buildings: 1866-1869: Unity Church, Springfield, Massachusetts (Richardsons first commission)1883-1888: Allegheny County Courthouse, Pittsburgh, PA1872-1877: Trinity Church, Boston, MA1885-1887: Glessner House, Chicago, IL1887: Marshall Field Store, Chicago, IL About Henry Hobson Richardson: During his life, cut short by kidney disease, H.H. Richardson designed churches, courthouses, train stations, libraries, and other important civic buildings. Featuring semicircular Roman arches set in massive stone walls, Richardsons unique style became known as Richardsonian Romanesque. Henry Hobson Richardson is known as the First American Architect because he broke away from European traditions and designed buildings that stood out as truly original. Also Richardson was only the second American to receive formal training in architecture. The first was Richard Morris Hunt. The architects Charles F. McKim and Stanford White worked under Richardson for awhile, and their free-form Shingle Style grew out of Richardsons use of rugged natural materials and grand interior spaces. Other important architects influenced by Henry Hobson Richardson include Louis Sullivan, John Wellborn Root, and Frank Lloyd Wright. Richardsons Significance: He had a superb sense of rather monumental composition, an uncommon sensitivenss to materials, and a creative imagination in the way to use them. His stone detailing especially was unusually lovely, and it is not strange that his buildings were imitated far and wide. He was an independent planner as well, continually feeling for greater and greater originality....Richardsonian came in the popular mind to mean, not sensitivenss to material, nor independece of design, but rather the indefinite repetition of low, wide arches, intricate Byzantinelike ornament, or dark and somber colors.- Talbot Hamlin, Architecture through the Ages, Putnam, Revised 1953, p. 609 Learn More: H. H. Richardson: Complete Architectural Works by Jeffrey Karl Ochsner, MIT PressLiving Architecture: A Biography of H.H. Richardson by James F. OGorman, Simon SchusterThe Architecture of H. H. Richardson and His Times by Henry-Russell Hitchcock, MIT PressThree American Architects: Richardson, Sullivan, and Wright, 1865-1915 by James F. OGorman, University Of Chicago PressHenry Hobson Richardson and His Works by Mariana Griswold Van Rensselaer, DoverHenry Hobson Richardson. A Genius for Architecture by Margaret H. Floyd, Photographs by Paul Rocheleau, Monacelli PressH. H. Richardson: The Architect, His Peers, and Their Era by Maureen Meister, MIT Press

Discontinued Element Symbols

Discontinued Element Symbols This is a list of element symbols and names that are placeholders for final names or else are no longer in use. This list does not include element symbols or names that remain in use regionally, such as aluminum/aluminium or iodine/jod. A - Argon (18) Current symbol is Ar. Ab - Alabamine (85) Discredited claim to discovery of astatine. Am - Alabamium (85) Discredited claim to discovery of astatine. An - Athenium (99) Proposed name for einsteinium. Ao - Ausonium (93) Discredited claim to discovery of neptunium. Az - Azote (7) Former name for nitrogen. Bv - Brevium (91) Former name for protactinium. Bz - Berzelium (59) Suggested name for praseodymium. Cb - Columbium (41) Former name of niobium. Cb - Columbium (95) Suggested name for americium. Cp - Cassiopeium (71) Former name for lutetium. Cp is the symbol for element 112, Copernicium Ct - Centurium (100) Proposed name for fermium. Ct - Celtium (72) Former name of hafnium. Da - Danubium (43) Suggested name for technetium. Db - Dubnium (104) Proposed name for rutherfordium. The symbol and name were used for element 105. Eb - Ekaboron (21) Name given by Mendeleev to an as of then undiscovered element. When discovered, scandium closely matched the prediction. El - Ekaaluminium (31) Name given by Mendeleev to an as of then undiscovered element. When discovered, gallium closely matched the prediction. Em - Emanation (86) Also called radium emanation, the name was originally given by Friedrich Ernst Dorn in 1900. In 1923, this element officially became radon (the name given at one time to 222Rn, an isotope identified in the decay chain of radium). Em - Ekamangan (43) Name given by Mendeleev to an as of then undiscovered element. When discovered, technetium closely matched the prediction. Es - Ekasilicon (32) Name given by Mendeleev to an as of then undiscovered element. When discovered, germanium closely matched the prediction. Es - Esperium (94) Discredited claim to discovery of plutonium. Fa - Francium (87) Current symbol is Fr. Fr - Florentium (61) Discredited claim to discovery of promethium. Gl - Glucinium (4) Former name of beryllium. Ha - Hahnium (105) Proposed name for dubnium. Ha - Hahnium (108) Proposed name for hassium. Il - Illinium (61) Discredited claim to discovery of promethium. Jg - Jargonium (72) Discredited claim to discovery of hafnium. Jo - Joliotium (105) Proposed name for dubnium. Ku - Kurchatovium (104) Proposed name for rutherfordium. Lw - Lawrencium (103) Current symbol is Lr. M - Muriaticum (17) Former name of chlorine. Ma - Masurium (43) Disputed claim to discovery of technetium. Md - Mendelevium (97) Proposed name for berkelium. The symbol and name were later used for element 101. Me - Mendelevium (68) Suggested name for erbium. Ms - Masrium (49) Discredited claim of discovery of indium. Mt - Meitnium (91) Suggested name for protactinium. Mv - Mendelevium (101) Current symbol is Md. Ng - Norwegium (72) Discredited claim to discovery of hafnium. Ni - Niton (86) Former name for radon. No - Norium (72) Discredited claim to discovery of hafnium. Ns - Nielsbohrium (105) Proposed name for dubnium. Ns - Nielsbohrium (107) Proposed name for bohrium. Nt - Niton (86) Suggested name for radon. Ny - Neoytterbium (70) Former name of ytterbium. Od - Odinium (62) Suggested name for samarium. Pc - Policium (110) Proposed name for darmstadtium. Pe - Pelopium (41) Former name for niobium. Po - Potassium (19) Current symbol is K. Rf - Rutherfordium (106) Proposed name for seaborgium. The symbol and name were instead used for element 104. Sa - Samarium (62) Current symbol is Sm. So - Sodium (11) Current symbol is Na. Sp - Spectrium (70) Suggested name for ytterbium. St - Antimony (51) Current symbol is Sb. Tn - Tungsten (74) Current symbol is W. Tu - Thulium (69) Current symbol is Tm. Tu - Tungsten (74) Current symbol is W. Ty - Tyrium (60) Suggested name for neodymium. Unb - Unnilbium (102) Temporary name given to nobelium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. Une - Unnilennium (109) Temporary name given to meitnerium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. Unh - Unnilhexium (106) Temporary name given to seaborgium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. Uno - Unniloctium (108) Temporary name given to hassium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. Unp - Unnilpentium (105) Temporary name given to dubnium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. Unq - Unnilquadium (104) Temporary name given to rutherfordium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. Uns - Unnilseptium (107) Temporary name given to bohrium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. Unt - Unniltrium (103) Temporary name given to lawrencium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. Unu - Unnilunium (101) Temporary name given to mendelevium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. Uub - Ununbium (112) Temporary name given to copernicium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. Uun - Ununnilium (110) Temporary name given to darmstadtium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. Uuu - Unununium (111) Temporary name given to roentgenium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. Vi - Virginium (87) Discredited claim to discovery of francium. Vm - Virginium (87) Discredited claim to discovery of francium. Yt - Yttrium (39) Current symbol is Y. Placeholder names basically express the atomic number of an element. These names are replaced by official names once the IUPAC verifies the element discovery and approves a new name and element symbol.

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau - Essay Example It will illustrate the historical supposition of the Bureau creation, its main duties and responsibilities, the purpose for the Bureau, and the analysis of its operation. First, it is worth saying that a new consumer financial protection agency, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, was created to protect Americans’ personal finance transactions. It may seem that the creation of Bureau was a result of Congresss effort to reorganize the industry of banking thus preventing the possible economic crises in the future. In the article â€Å"Consumer agency will clarify financial products costs, terms† the interviewer and the advocate for creating the agency Elizabeth Warren, a Harvard law professor and chairwoman of the Congressional Oversight Panel, explained that the new Bureau would give a chance  to American families   to obtain financial security. First published in 2007 in the Democracy Journal, the idea of creating the new bureau described a feisty â€Å"Financial Product Safety Commission† whose agents would be known further to the Americans as firefighters (DePillis, 2011). The creation of the Bureau was called to rule governing consumer financial services and products that included mortgages and credit cards; it was also called to make loan terms and costs more transparent for the Americans. The agency would made credit cards and mortgages easy to follow, avoiding the fine print blurring of risk and cost. The agency was called to make the market more competitive; however, it was not aimed to facilitate the consumers in their purchase responsibilities and to make decisions on money (Mantell, 2010). Elizabeth Warren did not call the agency a â€Å"nanny†, but the force that will allow the market work again and will bring the transparency. In certain period, such transparency will allow penalty fees and charges to go down and credit products to become cheaper. The agency will measure the risk in the financial system, however, it will not ensure

The Police Interaction with the Criminal Justice System Term Paper - 1

The Police Interaction with the Criminal Justice System - Term Paper Example Community policing has become the national mantra of the American police. For more than 15 years police officers, problem-oriented policing and community have been advanced as powerful organizing themes of public safety. The term police, itself means civil administration and police departments have been in charge of the administration of the city, unlike the military force. The police represent the civil power of government. The first organized American police department was created in Boston in 1838. The police forces have been deployed during riots and they worked according to the instructions provided to them by the administrative departments. The hierarchy of police system is directly under the political parties and it has resulted in distrust of people on police forces. It has been observed that the police system works for public welfare and they play a pivotal role in maintaining peace and safety in the society. The police departments of United States of America are divided into several departments and agencies. The most prominent police department is the New York Police Department, which is accountable for any kind of criminal activity in the society. Each and every criminal activity is recorded in the file of the New York Police Department and this department is situated in several places in order to assure public safety. There are many similarities in the working style of the of the urban police system at present compared to the past. With the interference of external pressures including demands for honesty, efficiency, and crime control the focus of the police system has narrowed on crime. Criminal activities are first reported to police departments and they take legal and ethical actions to resolve the problems associated with the crime and present people convicted of the crime to the justice system. From a distant past to present it has been observed that much interference of political parties and capitalists in the working system of police has resulted in ignorance towards small crimes.

Comparing the ways Edgar Allen Poe and Bram Stoker convey horror through writing Essay Example for Free

Comparing the ways Edgar Allen Poe and Bram Stoker convey horror through writing Essay Through this essay you will see how although the writing style of Edgar Allen Poe in The Black Cat and the style of Bram stoker in The Judges House is completely different, they both manage to achieve the same effect leaving the reader anxious, excited, mystified and scared. Both these authors stories were written before the nineteen hundreds, a time when people were just understanding the ways the world works. In this time horror stories were very popular. The perspective of both Poems is different. In The black cat Poe writes in a first person perspective: Today I die and tomorrow I would unburden my soul. Where as Stoker writes in a third person perspective: Malcolm Malcolmson made up his mind. The use of third person in this story displays the feelings of more than one character and you can build up more fear than first person by using devices such as rhetorical questions by other characters for example when Mrs Cranford cries not the Judges house! it creates the feeling of horror and helplessness. First person perspective makes you feel sorrow for the character. If Edgar Allen Poe had written the black cat in Third person perspective You wouldnt get the emphasis of his emotions, how he feels regret of what he has done, fear of this new animal and superstitious about the strange imprint on the wall. For example, when he writes gradually, very gradually I came to look up on it with unutterable loathing. This really emphasises the hated of the animal, an emotion that would not have been able to have been shown to that extent in third person. It is also more believable as it is through the eyes of the beholder. At the start of the black cat Poe starts off very secretively, he writes of something horrible that has happened to him, but he will not expand on what this occurrence is: These events have terrified, tortured and destroyed me. This suspense adds to the mystery of the first scene. Poe writes, tomorrow I die showing something horrible has happened to him. The fact that this is not in chronological order keep you wondering throughout the story what is going to happen and keeps you in suspense. It also keeps you trying to link the current storyline to death, for example, when it says about the new cat: It was a black cat a very large cat-fully as large as Pluto and closely resembling him you are thinking how this new cat could be linked to his death. Stoker, however has a very different approach to build up mystery. He uses setting whereas Poe does not. When he describes the lodgings he describes it as a gothic residence: with heavy gables and small windows set higher than was customary in such houses. Gothic residences have always been associated with death and fear in horror movies. He describes the village as empty: desolation was the only term for conveying a suitable idea of its isolation the idea of a desolate empty place is the perfect setting for a horror story. The fact that the house has been empty for so long indicates something dreadful has happened there. The locals all seem to know something dreadful about the house. It seems that Malcolm is the only person who doesnt know whats going on there. When Mrs Cranford cries at him not the judges house! it creates a feeling of dread for what is going to happen to Mr Malcolmson. Poe uses superstition to add to the mystery. The first little bit of superstition is when he reveals that his wife believes that all black cats are witches in disguise. This brief, initial introduction of superstition creates mystery in your head, and it makes you think, what if black cats are really witches in disguise. When the cat imprint appears on the wall, the character tries to dismiss the supernatural happening with a far fetched logical explanation. He tries to say that someone tossed the hanging corpse of the cat in through the window to try and wake him up. He then tried to say that because the wall was freshly spread plaster, it did not fall down. He said that the ammonia from the carcass had made the impression on the wall. Edgar Allen Poe had purposely made this string of events unbelievable so that the reader would know that there was something strange going on. I think that the imprint was a symbol that the cat was not dead and that it was an omen that it was going to come back to haunt him. The new cat was very suspicious, the fact that it looked a lot like Pluto made you think that it was a demonic symbol of Pluto. The cat gets more and more attached to him but he is reluctant to interact with it because he feels the supernatural element of this situation. He begins to hate the cat and the fact that it is always around him: Its evident fondness for myself rather disgusted and annoyed me but he wont harm the cat for fear of what will happen and regret of his previous crime: at times although I longed to destroy it with a blow I was withheld from doing so partly by memory of my former crime but chiefly let me confess it at once by absolute dread of the beast. The fact that it wont leave him alone, and that drives him madder and more angry makes it seem like the new cat is testing his willpower to leave it alone. His fear grows as the cat follows his every step. The only difference between Pluto and the new cat was a white splodge on its belly. It turns out later that this splodge is actually a image of gallows. The image grows in size until the character can clearly make out the image. his realisation of what this means is clearly shown in this quote Gallows! oh mournful and terrible engine of horror and crime of agony and of death. He has realised his fate death. He feels remorse for what he had done to Pluto. He knows that this beast is an image of Pluto. A symbol of god: a brute beast to work out for me-for me, a man fashioned in the image of the high god oh insufferable woe! He believes its is god in disguise of a cat Stoker also uses supernatural elements. Every night the rats come out and make a lot of noise. They run up and down the alarm bell. They all stop suddenly a run away as a giant rat comes down the alarm bell. The rats are scared of this larger rat indicating that this rat is evil. Stokers description of the rat makes it sound evil: It showed its great white teeth and its cruel eyes shone in the lamplight. When Malcolmson throws a book at the creature to try and scare it, but it does not flinch. But when he throws a bible at the rat it scampers away. This indication of good/evil shows that the rat is evil. It is well known that Satanic beings such as this rat fear holy objects such as a bible and a cross. When Malcolmson realises that the rats eyes are identical to the picture of the Judge the figure of the judge disappears. He then turns round and sees the judge. The judge smiled in a cruel way: With his baleful eyes glaring vindictively, and a smile of triumph on his face The judge does not say much in this last scene, I think this is important. Stoker did this so his character was not totally revealed. He remained a mysterious character. The descriptions of horror in The Black cat are very in depth: I grasped the poor beast by its throat and purposely cut out one of its eyes from its socket.. He doesnt linger on this for long. These shock tactics really build up the horror in this story by making you feel horrified and shocked. Another example of this is when he kills his wife: I withdrew my arm from her grasp, and buried the axe in her brain. This again shows the shock tactics used when describing the horror scenes. His violence gets gradually worse. All his violence is triggered by anger or drink: Through the instrumentality of the fiend intemperance had (I blush to confess it)experiences a radical alteration for the worst. I grew day by day more moody, more irritable regardless for the feeling of others. First he verbally abuses his wife, this turns to physical violence towards his wife and animals except Pluto: I suffered myself to use intemperate language towards my wife. At length I even offered her personal violence. My pets of course were made to feel the change in my disposition. I not only neglected, but ill-used them. Then he cut out Plutos eye when he scrammed him on the face. This again is due to him drinking. Poe writes one night, returning home much intoxicated. The guilt of doing this to Pluto and the sadness that it once had loved him got to him and he hung the cat in cold blood: I hung it with tears streaming from my eyes this shows his remorse when hanging him. The guilt of what he had done prevented him from hurting the new cat, until one day when the cat nearly tripped him up in the cellar he grabbed and axe, but his wife prevented him from killing by grabbing the axe. He then split her head open with the axe. The violence gradually gets worse and worse, building up the horror as it goes along. Stoker uses less graphic description, but instead uses reactions of characters to create the fear: not the judges house. This, I think is one of the main advantages of introducing characters into the plot. A disadvantage is that it can take the focus of the main character. They both use pattering to create fear in their stories. In the Judges house the same thing happens every night. He drinks too much tea, then out came the rats making all the noise and finally they all stopped when the large rat emerged. This also happens in the black cat. His violent acts are all triggered by alcohol. Pattering creates suspense, which in turn makes you wonder how does this link with what is happening in the story. The two writers both use logical explanations to try and explain why these things are happening. In the black cat, The character makes up a ludicrous explanation to explain why there was an imprint on the wall. He tries to say that someone must have thrown the cat through the window in an attempt to wake him up. He says that the wall didnt fall down because it had just been plastered and that the ammonia from the carcass has made the imprint on the wall. In The Judges house Malcolmsons explanation for all the events that are happening is that he was drinking too much tea and it was making him delusional. Both of these are deliberately far fetched so that the reader knows that something super natural is going on. Stoker uses a more descriptive style in his writing. He describes the scene, the weather and the people in far more depth than Poe: The carving of the oak on the panels of the wainscot was fine, and on and round the windows and doors it was beautiful and of rare merit. I prefer the descriptive writing of Stoker because it creates an image in your mind. Especially with the weather. Stoker uses the weather to great effect. When the thunder was lashing down toy could tell something bad was going to happen. This effect is used in a lot of horror stories. In my opinion, I prefer Stokers method of creating horror. I think the introduction of characters brings in a new element to the story. It creates an atmosphere of bewilderment and isolation. I say isolation because everyone seemed to know what was going on but Mr Malcolmson. However, as a whole I think I preferred The Black cat by Edgar Allen Poe. I think this is because I am used to modern stories, and this storyline is a bit more advanced and modernised than The Judges House. As I am used to modern horror stories I can relate to this story better. I think that the plot has some realism to it, more so that Stokers story. I dont think Stokers story was linked together very well and it all seemed a bit distant.

Essay --

Leedy and Ormrod (2001) have studied the inventory policies and the inventory techniques that a company manages to incorporate in its armory to a great extent. They have said that the inventory policies or techniques that are commonly used are ABC analysis, XYZ analysis, VED analysis, Analysis of stock levels etc. The main importance of the inventory tools like inventory categorization tools that the company follows mainly is seen at a cost level. The cost component is given the major importance whereas the other benefits that arise out of it are not realized, even though it is achieved. Thus the advantages regarding the cost aspect is beautifully explained in this study, but as mentioned in the study, the other factors that are benefited from inventory management are not touched down to very fine detail. But from this study, the fact that can be ascertained is that there is a connect between the inventory policies and the improvement of customer service, but it is more or less not r elated to. Trent and Handfield (2002) have given a very detailed study of the customer perceptions towards a firm, customer service levels, service quality aspect and the determinants that arise in a company which leads to good customer service. The basic thing what the authors want to say in this study is that the customers would always like to see the company that is serving them to be rid of inefficiencies. Also the consumption of the product, if achieved by the customer on time or by the time the customer is expecting it to be consumed is a major factor in the customer perception towards the company, and there is no doubt that such factors can only have a positive impact on the perception of the customer. Pycraft (2000) has stated about the hap... ...n managing the affairs of the departments which may not be directly interacting with the customers, but whose services would surely impact the service quality. †¢ It should be clearly understood that factors like presentability and aestheticity, discounts etc are not the only factors which would impress customers. Good service comes from following basics and this can be achieved by having a good inventory policy. 6.3 CONCLUSION We can conclude by saying that if we want to have a good image on the minds of the customers, then we have to be efficient in our services and our co ordination has to be impeccable. All this can be achieved through following of a good inventory techniques. Thus we should not neglect the inventory aspects of the company and focus on other things which may look good, but won’t help in improving efficiencies and delighting the customers.

Digital Classroom Essay

I was really wondering what can I learn English when I came here. Because before I couldn’t go to course about English . I haven’t got an idea. After that we’ve seen two different classroom. Conventional and digital classroom. World is changing everyday. Person finds new technologies idea for everything. And I’m absolutely agree this statement what people learning English are able to make greater progress when using a variety of learning technologies within the classroom. I really like digital classroom. There are lots of advantages. In my opinion IWB is incredible . It looks like game and everybody like to play game. All word use to internet and computer because of this people can be to more interested with lesson. Some times we can want to speak with our friends and we can use to Synchron Eyes. I’m feeling comfortable to digital classroom. Pegasus is helpful for me. I can do some mistakes when I write by handed and after that maybe I can’t see my mistakes. But if I use to Pegasus I can see all my mistakes end of the exam or homework and maybe I can forget my homework but if I look for in the Pegasus I can see my homework. I used to conventional classroom for 23 years. Sometimes computers can’t work . there can be some digital problems. What can I do this time. I can use my book. We’re really old friends with my book. If I am in classroom I want to see my book and I want to use my pencil. This is really important for me. I want to write some notes on the book.  As a result two different classroom has a good speciality. I feel confused but actually digital class is better than conventional class.

Macbeth Compared to Hitler

Although literature is fiction, often the conflict in a work will be strikingly similar to that of a real event. For example, the central issue of the abusive dictatorship of Macbeth in Macbeth, by William Shakespeare parallels that of the terrorizing dictatorship of Adolf Hitler during the early part of the Twentieth Century. In both of these horrible situations, there is a similarity in the challenging rise to power each must go through, their traumatizing dictatorships which destroyed many lives, and the treacherous downfall which ultimately led to their demise. Macbeth and Hitler were both loved by their people, but both charismatic leaders manipulated the people to gain power. Macbeth was respected and loved by the King and the people of Scotland. When the Thane of Cawdor lost his battle, the King of Scotland decreed him to death and elected the victorious General Macbeth to the position of Thane. Duncan said to Macbeth once he was Thane of Cawdor, â€Å"My Worthy Cawdor† (1. 4. 54). Duncan respected Macbeth and trusted him as Thane of Cawdor Macbeth had previously been visited by three witches when he was with Banquo and was told that he would never become king. The witches said to Banquo that Macbeth will never be king and the King’s sons would eventually become kings and rule the land. Macbeth was jealous and knew he had to kill the king in order to gain power. Lady Macbeth and Macbeth created the plot to kill Duncan and seize power through force. Their plan was to kill Duncan and blame it on the guards by putting the bloody daggers in the hands of the guards. Lady Macbeth and Macbeth followed through with the plan and Duncan's sons ran away. Then Macbeth turns around and blames the sons because they left right when Duncan died. The people of Scotland believed the story and Macbeth falsely gained respect from the people and gained power. In a similar parallel, Hitler too gained power by manipulating the people of Germany to earn their respect. Hitler and his country were in the middle of an economic depression during the early Twentieth Century, and this was a ripe time for a charismatic leader to emerge. The times were tough for the people of Germany and Hitler saw that he could gain power with a little manipulation and appealing to the desperate people’s needs. Hitler ran for president and made many hopeful, inspirational speeches to large crowds of people. When Hitler was in his campaign to regain power in the Nazi party, he threw a speech in a large hall. People were amazed at how well he spoke and seemed to know their problems and were inspired. â€Å" Former party leaders, who had come only to watch, now marched onto the platform, shook his hand, or embraced him. †(Stewart 46). The German people fell in love with him and followed his political rise very closely and supported his message. Even though Hitler lost two close political races to Paul von Hindenburg, he ended up succeeding him in office when von Hindenburg died and made it possible for Hitler to become president. Hitler needed more support to legalize his Nazi party. In order to gain more support, Hitler set fire to the Parliament building in Germany. The German people were scared and Hitler told the public that the communist had set the building on fire. The people falsely believed him and had trust in Hitler giving him more power than ever before. Macbeth and Hitler’s dictatorships were both terrorizing and frightful, especially to the two groups of people they ruled. When Macbeth was in power, he was paranoid of a conspiracy being launched against him. Macbeth was so paranoid that he had spies in every house, and killed many innocent people. Macbeth feared that Banquo, his friend, was talking about him and grew weary of him. He hired three murderers to kill Banquo once he set off from Macbeth’s kingdom. Macbeth thought he saw Banquo’s ghost and thought that it came back to haunt him. Macbeth seemed to have been losing his mind and he was guilty of Duncan’s death. Macbeth killed his own friend because he thought Duncan was trying to take power back. He had been so paranoid that he had a spy in every house to report of any conspiracies among the people. If the spies would hear anything, Macbeth would kill those who the spies reported back on. Hitler’s dictatorship was long, terrifying, and stressful. Hitler was in the middle of a war when he was in power. He had the whole world fighting against him as he was trying to gain control of the whole world. Hitler had been so stressed and tired from war that he was mentally unstable. To cope with the long and stressful war, Hitler took drugs. The drugs made him an even worse and cruel dictator. Hitler started genocide in his home country. He persecuted the Jewish population and put them in extermination camps. This dilemma was known to be the Holocaust. Hitler killed six million innocent Jewish people. Hitler and the Nazis soldiers burned, shot, and gassed the Jews. Once in a concentration camp in Germany, the Nazis said â€Å" Beat Those Jews†(Rees 179). Hitler made the Germans and Nazis convinced that they should kill many innocent and harmless people. Hitler grew weary of conspiracy. He thought people were out to get him. Hitler created the Nazi police. The Nazi police were run by Himmler. The police ran on the principles of â€Å"If you don’t speak you don’t get hurt†. The police insured that no one was speaking against Hitler and his political decisions. Macbeth and Hitler both had a treacherous downfall. Macbeth was mentally unstable and he was making poor decisions. Macbeth was being attacked from Birnam Woods by the English army and Macduff. The prophecies were coming true that the woods would walk to Macbeth’s kingdom and kill him. The English army picked up branches to disguise themselves and hide their numbers. Macbeth and everyone were falling apart and knew they were going to die. Lady Macbeth knew what was coming, and had enough of Macbeth and his terrible reign and took her own life. When Seyton heard a cry from the castle, he found that she died. Seyton said to Macbeth, â€Å" The Queen, My lord, is dead†(5. 5. 16). Macbeth had lost everything he lived for and his kingdom. Macduff found Macbeth for a standoff. Macbeth accepted his fate and fought with courage. Macbeth died and Malcolm took the crown and became king. Hitler’s downfall was treacherous and lethal. Hitler was in the middle of a war and his army was weakening. The allies were closing in on him and his nation was being destroyed. Hitler was so stressed from the war and all of his struggles that he became crazy and addicted to drugs. While he was in reign, he had 42 assassination attempts against his life. Many of the attempts were from his high ranking generals, and political powers. The people could no longer take what he was doing to the country. Hitler took his own life by shooting himself. Macbeth and Hitler’s rise to power, dictatorship, and downfall are similar but occurred in different times. Hitler and Macbeth were both loved by people of their country. They both manipulated facts and used this to gain the people’s trust and respect. Both Hitler and Macbeth killed many innocent people. Both men were involved in war. Ultimately, both Macbeth and Hitler were both attacked from various forces. Both men accepted their fate and died. Hitler killed himself, and Macbeth died in his last stand against Macduff.

Finding A Common Theme In Assigned Reading Example

Finding A Common Theme In Assigned Reading Example Finding A Common Theme In Assigned Reading – Book Report/Review Example Lecturer Book Review Based on my own analysis, I would like to report that morality is the most common theme discussed by the of these books. Although they approach it from different perspectives, morality still stands out as a major sociological issue in these publications. To begin with, Eyal Press, in the Beautiful Souls: The Courage and Conscience of Ordinary People in Extraordinary Times Eyal Press discusses how an immoral society can be unhealthy for the survival of its diverse population. In chapter 1, he gives an example of the Nazi government which did not recognize the role of freedom and equality amongst all the people. Instead, it advanced its dictatorial rule to oppress and ruthlessly deal with people like Paul Gruninger and Alecsander Jevtic who, in their moral senses, single-handedly questioned the immoral actions of the autocratic regime.In Greater Equality: The Hidden Key to Better Health and Higher Scores, Wilkinson Richard and Pickett Kate questions the loss of mor al values in countries like USA. As a result of the emerging individualism, people have lost their morality and instead think of their own welfare. In their opinion, these authors insinuate that such kind of attitude has promoted inequality, a vice which torments the society in many ways. Lastly, Richard T. Schaefer addresses the same concern in chapters 8 and 9 of his book, Sociology Matters; he is convinced that such immoral acts can be eradicated if people make a good use of the sociological agents such as family, education and religion. As they explain, these are very important social institutions which can be relied upon by the entire society.

Equilibrium Concentration Example Problem

Equilibrium Concentration Example Problem This example problem demonstrates how to calculate the equilibrium concentrations from initial conditions and the reactions equilibrium constant. This equilibrium constant example concerns a reaction with a small equilibrium constant. Problem: 0.50 moles of N2 gas is mixed with 0.86 moles of O2 gas in a 2.00 L tank at 2000 K. The two gasses react to form nitric oxide gas by the reactionN2(g) O2(g) ↔ 2 NO(g).What are the equilibrium concentrations of each gas?Given: K 4.1 x 10-4 at 2000 K Solution: Step 1 -Â  Find initial concentrations: [N2]o 0.50 mol/2.00 L [N2]o 0.25 M [O2]o 0.86 mol/2.00 L [O2]o 0.43 M [NO]o 0 M Step 2 -Â  Find equilibrium concentrations using assumptions about K: The equilibrium constant K is the ratio of products to reactants. If K is a very small number, you would expect there to be more reactants than products. In this case, K 4.1 x 10-4 is a small number. In fact, the ratio indicates there are 2439 times more reactants than products. We can assume very little N2 and O2 will react to form NO. If the amount of N2 and O2 used is X, then only 2X of NO will form. This means at equilibrium, the concentrations would be [N2] [N2]o - X 0.25 M - X[O2] [O2]o - X 0.43 M - X[NO] 2XIf we assume X is negligible compared to the concentrations of the reactants, we can ignore their effects on the concentration[N2] 0.25 M - 0 0.25 M[O2] 0.43 M - 0 0.43 MSubstitute these values in the expression for the equilibrium constantK [NO]2/[N2][O2]4.1 x 10-4 [2X]2/(0.25)(0.43)4.1 x 10-4 4X2/0.10754.41 x 10-5 4X21.10 x 10-5 X23.32 x 10-3 XSubstitute X into the equilibrium concentration expressions[N2] 0.25 M[O2] 0.43 M[NO] 2X 6.64 x 10-3 MStep 3 - Test your assumption:When you make assumptions, you should test your assumption and check your answer. This assumption is valid for values of X within 5% of the concentrations of the reactants.Is X less than 5% of 0.25 M?Yes - it is 1.33% of 0.25 MIs X less than 5% of 0.43 MYes - it is 0.7% of 0.43 MPlug your answer back into the equilibrium constant equationK [NO]2/[N2][O2]K (6.64 x 10-3 M)2/(0.25 M)(0.43 M)K 4.1 x 10-4The value of K agrees with the value given at the beginning of the problem. The assumption is proven valid. If the value of X was greater than 5% of the concentration, then the quadratic equation would have to be used as in this example problem. Answer: The equilibrium concentrations of the reaction are[N2] 0.25 M[O2] 0.43 M[NO] 6.64 x 10-3 M

The Economic Rationale for Road Pricing is Compelling Essay

The Economic Rationale for Road Pricing is Compelling - Essay Example The European Union is studying the marginal cost of pricing in the arena of transportation for about a decade now. The Union funded many ongoing projects in this field. The RAC Foundation handed over the responsibility of determining the mechanisms of motoring taxes to the independent institute of fiscal studies. They were asked to investigate whether the taxes are equitable and justifiable. The report from the institution mentioned the issue of cabotage and stated that the hauliers belonging to the other countries have the potential to deliver goods into the market of UK by paying lower taxes on diesel or ignoring the duty rates of the country (Gillen, 2007, p. 1-2). Road Transport and economics A key role is played by transportation in the economic scenario of today. A term, transport economics is used now to identify the role of transport in economy. The supply is determined by the capacity carriers offer to the travelers while the demand is determined by the number of trips the t ravelers takes within a particular time frame. In order to witness a booming economy it is necessary to maintain a steady system of transport that allows fluent access of goods and services across the country. If the goods get delay because of lacks in transport facilities the profits will fall which will take its toll on the level of efficiency. An efficient transport system will create employment opportunities (Croner, 2012). A vast majority of labor is necessary to carry out the responsibilities of transporting goods to the various places quickly. When the economy is not on its course people are less willing to travel and the economy suffers while in the booming situation frequent traveling not only creates more job opportunities but also contributes in strengthening the transport system. The road transportation is more popular where people tend to find the less costly method of transportation. The road transportation facilities are characterized by monopolistic competition which revolves around the conditions of supply and demand. The products or the services offered in the monopolistic competitive market are same but cannot be substituted. The differentiation in the offered products provides choices for the consumers and the consumers can take the decision on which product they want to avail. This factor acts as the catalysts to drive in more competition into the market as well as new innovations which are less costly and more effective (Seely, 2012, p. 2) The report The report of the IFS recommended a move to a more diverged system of road pricing. The revenues raised as a resultant can be used to reduce the taxes on motor transport. Such a measure is thought to generate sufficient economic gains from reduction in congestion. The measure is also thought to reduce the levied taxes on the majority of driven miles, and leave a certain portion of the motorists in a better off situation as well as provide a stable footing for the taxes on motoring without tak ing any additional measures to raise the net additional benefits from the drivers. The use of roads generates costs that are borne not only by the motorists but also by the wider society. Therefore externalities are accrued to the system of road taxes or the system of road pricing. These externalities suggest that in the absence of effective pricing or taxation policies there is inefficient high level of road use. The taxes have the